abstract：:A confluence of variables in Parkinson's disease results in Parkinson's informal caregivers facing tremendous challenges. Factors include: motor and non-motor symptoms, staging, rate of progression and increased life expectancy of people with Parkinson's (PwP) due to effective drug therapy and surgery. Informal caregi...

journal_title：Parkinsonism & related disorders

authors： Dyck C

更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by a dramatic loss of dopamine that underlies complex structural and functional changes in striatal projection neurons. A key alteration that has been reported in various rodent models and PD patients is a significant reduction in striatal dendritic spine density. Our recent f...

journal_title：Parkinsonism & related disorders

authors： Smith Y,Villalba RM,Raju DV

更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Evidence shows that neuronal injury accompanies neuroinflammatory reactions in the brain, and well as in Parkinson's disease (PD) animal models, in which the loss of dopamine neurons is associated with the activation of microglia in the substantia nigra. Activated microglia can be illustrated in vivo using Positron em...

journal_title：Parkinsonism & related disorders

authors： Ouchi Y,Yagi S,Yokokura M,Sakamoto M

更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder of unknown cause. For decades, a deficit in mitochondrial respiration was thought to be a key factor in PD neurodegeneration. However, excluding a few exceptions where a clinical picture of parkinsonism is associated with a mitochondrial DNA mutation, pre...

journal_title：Parkinsonism & related disorders

authors： Vives-Bauza C,de Vries RL,Tocilescu MA,Przedborski S

更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Clinical symptoms in Parkinson's disease (PD) comprise both motor and non-motor symptoms. In this disease, synucleinopathic-induced, nigral dopamine deficiency-related dysfunction of the basal ganglia is held responsible for the characteristic levodopa-responsive motor signs and symptoms (bradykinesia, hypokinesia, ri...

journal_title：Parkinsonism & related disorders

authors： Wolters ECh

更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effectiveness of oral levodopa in complex Parkinson's disease (PD) is limited by its short half-life, and the resulting pulsatile dopaminergic stimulation leads to complex motor fluctuations and dyskinesia. Several treatments provide more continuous/less pulsatile dopaminergic stimulation by modifying the pharmaco...

journal_title：Parkinsonism & related disorders

authors： Clarke CE,Worth P,Grosset D,Stewart D

更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The MPTP-treated primate has proved to be a highly predictive model of the effects of dopaminergic drugs in the symptomatic treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD) and for the avoidance of motor complications. Using MPTP-treated primates, new dopaminergic therapies have been devised alongside novel treatment strategies ...

journal_title：Parkinsonism & related disorders

authors： Jenner P

更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is a common condition characterized by an urge to move the legs, accompanied by uncomfortable or unpleasant sensations. Symptoms predominantly occur at rest in the evening or at night, and they are alleviated by moving the affected extremity or by walking. Recent European epidemiological s...

journal_title：Parkinsonism & related disorders

authors： Ferini-Strambi L,Manconi M

更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The objective of the current cross-sectional study was to use standardized psychiatric interviews (the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders and the Neuropsychiatric Inventory; NPI) in order to better characterize psychiatric symptoms in 50 consecutive, treated and clinically stable patients with W...

journal_title：Parkinsonism & related disorders

authors： Svetel M,Potrebić A,Pekmezović T,Tomić A,Kresojević N,Jesić R,Dragasević N,Kostić VS

更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Parkinson disease (PD) reduces health-related quality of life (HRQoL), but exercise may improve HRQoL. This pilot study compared the effects of Tango, Waltz/Foxtrot, Tai Chi and No Intervention on HRQoL in individuals with PD. Seventy-five persons with PD (Hoehn and Yahr I-III) were assigned to 20 lessons of Tango, Wa...

journal_title：Parkinsonism & related disorders

authors： Hackney ME,Earhart GM

更新日期：2009-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Parkinson's disease is a chronic neurological disorder that results in gait and posture impairment. There is increasing evidence that these motor impairments may be partially due to deficits within the sensory system. In this study, the effects of a facilitatory insole that provides increased plantar sensory stimulati...

journal_title：Parkinsonism & related disorders

authors： Jenkins ME,Almeida QJ,Spaulding SJ,van Oostveen RB,Holmes JD,Johnson AM,Perry SD

更新日期：2009-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:To assess optimism/pessimism and locus of control in a sample of Parkinson's disease patients and to evaluate their impact on disability and health-related quality of life. METHODS:99 patients with Parkinson's disease completed the Life Orientation Test, Multidimensional Health Locus of Control, Older American...

journal_title：Parkinsonism & related disorders

authors： Gruber-Baldini AL,Ye J,Anderson KE,Shulman LM

更新日期：2009-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To assess the association between diabetes preceding Parkinson's disease (PD) and PD. METHODS:PD individuals were matched to PD free individuals randomly selected from people in the same municipality as the cases. Occurrence of diabetes preceding PD onset among cases and controls was assessed through a struc...

journal_title：Parkinsonism & related disorders

authors： D'Amelio M,Ragonese P,Callari G,Di Benedetto N,Palmeri B,Terruso V,Salemi G,Famoso G,Aridon P,Savettieri G

更新日期：2009-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Since the early 1970s, the literature has suggested an association between Parkinson's Disease (PD) and/or levodopa-use and an increased risk for the development of malignant melanoma. In some countries, this possible association has even led to a warning in the drug insert leaflet of the possible risk. Recently, five...

journal_title：Parkinsonism & related disorders

authors： Vermeij JD,Winogrodzka A,Trip J,Weber WE

更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To estimate the frequency and correlates of involuntary emotional expression disorder (IEED) in Parkinson's disease (PD) using the Center for Neurologic Study-Lability Scale (CNS-LS) and recently-proposed diagnostic criteria for IEED. BACKGROUND:IEED is characterized by uncontrollable emotional episodes, typ...

journal_title：Parkinsonism & related disorders

authors： Phuong L,Garg S,Duda JE,Stern MB,Weintraub D

更新日期：2009-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Adenosine derived from the degradation of ATP/AMP functions as a signalling molecule in the nervous system through the occupation of A1, A2, and A3 adenosine receptors. Adenosine A(2A) receptors have a selective localization to the basal ganglia and specifically to the indirect output pathway, and as a consequence off...

journal_title：Parkinsonism & related disorders

authors： Jenner P,Mori A,Hauser R,Morelli M,Fredholm BB,Chen JF

更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Dyskinesia is an important complication of treatment in Parkinson's disease (PD). Sarizotan, a 5-HT(1A) agonist with high affinity for D3 and D4 receptors was investigated on L-Dopa-induced dyskinesia (LID) in the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) animal model of PD. Five MPTP female cynomolgus monke...

journal_title：Parkinsonism & related disorders

authors： Grégoire L,Samadi P,Graham J,Bédard PJ,Bartoszyk GD,Di Paolo T

更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To assess possible differences in dopamine metabolism that could parallel disease progression in Parkinson's disease (PD), we measured dopamine (DA) and its metabolites in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in PD patients at different stages of disease: de novo (DEN), advanced not showing dyskinesias (ADV), and advanced wi...

journal_title：Parkinsonism & related disorders

authors： Lunardi G,Galati S,Tropepi D,Moschella V,Brusa L,Pierantozzi M,Stefani A,Rossi S,Fornai F,Fedele E,Stanzione P,Hainsworth AH,Pisani A

更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Freezing of gait (FOG) is a common phenomenon in Parkinson's disease (PD) affecting over half of those in the advanced stages of the disease and often does not respond to standard drug therapies. This article proposes a possible mechanism by which this disorder of movement comes about. Co-ordinated neural activities a...

journal_title：Parkinsonism & related disorders

authors： Lewis SJ,Barker RA

更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Duplications and triplications of the alpha-synuclein (SNCA) gene have been reported in Parkinson's disease patients belonging to the Southern Swedish "Lister family". Further genealogical research has now shown that these individuals are descended from a large kindred characterized by Herman Lundborg in 1901-1913. In...

journal_title：Parkinsonism & related disorders

authors： Puschmann A,Wszolek ZK,Farrer M,Gustafson L,Widner H,Nilsson C

更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD) have impaired sympathetically mediated neurocirculatory innervation. Here we analyzed the correlation between cardiac (123)I-metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) uptake, orthostatic hypotension and heart rate variability in treated patients with PD. Orthostatic hypotension (...

journal_title：Parkinsonism & related disorders

authors： Haensch CA,Lerch H,Jörg J,Isenmann S

更新日期：2009-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Disturbance of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) is frequently encountered in Parkinson's disease (PD). In this study, we examined changes in systemic and cerebral hemodynamics during the cold pressor test (CPT) to determine whether cerebrovascular reactivity, controlled by the sympathetic nervo...

journal_title：Parkinsonism & related disorders

authors： Tsai SJ,Chen SC,Leu TM,Chen CM,Chou HH,Peng HY,Liao JM,Lin TB

更新日期：2009-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The H1 haplotype was first identified 10 years ago. Initially, a dinucleotide polymorphism was detected in the tau (MAPT) gene and was subsequently found to be in linkage disequilibrium (LD) with other polymorphisms, forming the MAPT H1 haplotype, a risk factor for many neurological diseases, considered as tauopathies...

journal_title：Parkinsonism & related disorders

authors： Kalinderi K,Fidani L,Bostantjopoulou S

更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Levodopa serves as the gold standard of anti-parkinsonian therapy and nearly every patient with Parkinson's disease eventually receives this drug. To improve upon levodopa therapy, several forms of treatment have been devised to augment its actions, and new delivery systems are under development. This new research off...

journal_title：Parkinsonism & related disorders

authors： LeWitt PA

更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The objective of this review is to assess the effectiveness of tai chi as a treatment option for Parkinson's disease (PD). We have searched the literature using 21 databases from their inceptions to January 2008, without language restrictions. We included all types of clinical studies regardless of their design. Their...

journal_title：Parkinsonism & related disorders

authors： Lee MS,Lam P,Ernst E

更新日期：2008-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Most patients with tremor-dominant Parkinson's disease (PD) have impaired smell function but it is unclear whether this is true for subjects with essential tremor (ET). If ET patients do not exhibit meaningful smell loss, then olfactory testing may help to distinguish PD from ET. We assessed olfactory function in 59 E...

journal_title：Parkinsonism & related disorders

authors： Shah M,Muhammed N,Findley LJ,Hawkes CH

更新日期：2008-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We report on two cases who presented with involuntary facial grimacing and frowning. Blepharospasm has never been documented in one, and the other case showed difficulty in lid opening only in the early phase of the disease. Botulinum toxin was effective for both. This is a hitherto unreported presentation of upper fa...

journal_title：Parkinsonism & related disorders

authors： Hirota N,Hirota M,Mezaki T

更新日期：2008-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This case series describes the inpatient rehabilitation of two medically complex patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) who had undergone deep brain stimulator (DBS) placement. Most patients may not require inpatient rehabilitation. However, a short rehabilitation stay might be of use to patients who need to be weaned...

journal_title：Parkinsonism & related disorders

authors： Nampiaparampil DE,Kuppy JE,Nampiaparampil GM,Salles SS

更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Head drop is characterized by marked anterior flexion of the cervical spine, caused by weakness of the neck extensors or by increased tone of the flexor muscles. We report a woman with Parkinson's disease and head drop not due to cervical dystonia (a common cause of antecollis in parkinsonisms). Clinical, radiological...

journal_title：Parkinsonism & related disorders

authors： Fasano A,Evoli A,Piano C,Tonali PA,Bentivoglio AR

更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We report the first instance of restless legs syndrome (RLS) associated with periodic limb movements (PLM) and disruption of sleep architecture occurring in a patient following ischemic infarction in the right lenticulostriate region. Recently, a role for the basal ganglia-brainstem system in the control of motor beha...

journal_title：Parkinsonism & related disorders

authors： Sechi G,Agnetti V,Galistu P,Murgia B,Marrosu F,Puligheddu M,Conti M,Paulus KS

更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The aim of the present study was to evaluate complex upper limb motor function in newly diagnosed, untreated Parkinson's disease (PD) patients. Four different unimanual upper limb motor tasks were applied to 13 newly diagnosed, untreated PD patients and 13 age- and sex-matched controls. In a handwriting task, PD patie...

journal_title：Parkinsonism & related disorders

authors： Ponsen MM,Daffertshofer A,Wolters ECh,Beek PJ,Berendse HW

更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To describe the long-term outcome in 50 consecutive advanced Parkinson's disease (PD) patients treated with subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation (STN-DBS). METHOD:Assessments were carried out at baseline, 6 months, 2 years, and 5 years postoperatively. RESULTS:Compared to baseline scores without medic...

journal_title：Parkinsonism & related disorders

authors： Wider C,Pollo C,Bloch J,Burkhard PR,Vingerhoets FJ

更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Wilson's disease (WD) is a rare inborn metabolic error characterized by deficient biliary copper excretion secondary to ATP7B gene mutations. Neurological presentations are variable in respect to both pattern and age of onset; commonly a movement disorder presents in the second or third decade. The aim of this study w...

journal_title：Parkinsonism & related disorders

authors： Machado AA,Deguti MM,Genschel J,Cançado EL,Bochow B,Schmidt H,Barbosa ER

更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An abnormal accumulation and distribution of brain iron are common to different neurodegenerative disorders, including Parkinson's disease (PD), and alteration of genes involved in iron metabolism cause neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation. HFE participates in the regulation of iron metabolism, its mutations...

journal_title：Parkinsonism & related disorders

authors： Biasiotto G,Goldwurm S,Finazzi D,Tunesi S,Zecchinelli A,Sironi F,Pezzoli G,Arosio P

更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Corticobasal degeneration (CBD) presents with symptoms that often overlap with other neurological conditions. In many cases, diagnosis, prognosis and consequent clinical management remain uncertain. Structural and functional asymmetric brain changes represent the most consistent imaging findings that may assist in CBD...

journal_title：Parkinsonism & related disorders

authors： Bozzali M,Cercignani M,Baglio F,Scotti G,Farina E,Pugnetti L,Ashburner J,Nemni R,Falini A

更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The recently discovered trace amine associated receptors (TAARs) represent attractive potential mediators of certain aspects of movement control. The TAAR that is best characterized, TAAR1, is particularly interesting because it can be activated by a variety of monoaminergic compounds including trace amines, amphetami...

journal_title：Parkinsonism & related disorders

authors： Sotnikova TD,Zorina OI,Ghisi V,Caron MG,Gainetdinov RR

更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The authors report one case of parkinsonism associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE): a 45-year-old woman, who presented with a strategic infarct of the right substance nigra secondary to vasculitis, and contralateral symptoms. Other causes of parkinsonism were excluded. She had a partial response to therapy...

journal_title：Parkinsonism & related disorders

authors： Orta Daniel SJ,Ulises RO

更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent evidence in animal models of Parkinson's disease (PD) suggests that exercise and other forms of motor enhancement can be beneficial when applied during the degeneration of dopamine neurons. Behaviours that depend on adequate levels of striatal dopamine may provide particularly favourable targets for therapeutic...

journal_title：Parkinsonism & related disorders

authors： Ciucci MR,Ma ST,Kane JR,Ahrens AM,Schallert T

更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We describe a 30-year-old woman who suffered from an unusual task-specific focal hand dystonia, which dominantly occurred with use of a spoon; there were no other activities affected, except for mild writer's dystonia on same side. This is the first report of a spoon-related focal dystonia. ...

journal_title：Parkinsonism & related disorders

authors： Song IU,Kim JS,Kim HT,Lee KS

更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hemifacial spasm (HFS) resulting from Chiari type I malformation (CIM) is rare. We retrospectively evaluated five patients with CIM and HFS among a series of 103 subjects. The frequency of HFS associated to CIM was of 4.85%. The clinical profile did not differ from the classical primary cases except for young-onset de...

journal_title：Parkinsonism & related disorders

authors： Felício AC,de Godeiro C Jr,Borges V,de Azevedo Silva SM,Ferraz HB

更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00